Table 1. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULa ) for Certain Nutrients and Food Components

Life-Stage

Calcium

Phosphorus

Magnesium

Vitamin D

Fluoride

Niacin

Vitamin B6

Synthetic Folic Acid

Choline

Group

(g/day)

(g/day)

(mg/day) b

(µg/day)

(mg/day)

(mg/day)c

(mg/day)

(µg/day)c

(g/day)

0-6 months

NDd

ND

ND

25

0.7

ND

ND

ND

ND

7-12 months

ND

ND

ND

25

0.9

ND

ND

ND

ND

1-3 years

2.5

3

65

50

1.3

10

30

300

1.0

4-8 years

2.5

3

110

50

2.2

15

40

400

1.0

9-13 years

2.5

4

350

50

10

20

60

600

2.0

14-18 years

2.5

4

350

50

10

30

80

800

3.0

19-70 years

2.5

4

350

50

10

35

100

1,000

3.5

> 70 years

2.5

3

350

50

10

35

100

1,000

3.5

Pregnancy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

< 18 years

2.5

3.5

350

50

10

30

80

800

3.0

19-50 years

2.5

3.5

350

50

10

35

100

1,000

3.5

Lactation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

< 18 years

2.5

4

350

50

10

30

80

800

3.0

19-50 years

2.5

4

350

50

10

35

100

1,000

3.5

a UL = the maximum level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects. Unless otherwise Specified, the UL represents total intake from food, water, and supplements. Due to lack of suitable data, ULs could not be established for thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, or biotin. In the absence of ULs, extra caution may be warranted in consuming levels above recommended intakes.

b The UL for magnesium represents intake from a pharmacological agent only and does not include intake from food and water.

c The ULs for niacin and synthetic folic acid apply to forms obtained from supplements, fortified foods, or a combination of the two.

d ND: Not determinable due to lack of data of adverse effects in this age group and concern with regard to lack of ability to handle excess amounts. Source of intake should be from food only to prevent high levels of intake.